Neuroscience and Systems Biosciences | MU Link International [by Mahidol World]
นอกจากการดูบทความนี้แล้ว คุณยังสามารถดูข้อมูลที่เป็นประโยชน์อื่นๆ อีกมากมายที่เราให้ไว้ที่นี่: ดูความรู้เพิ่มเติมที่นี่
In this program, you will understand more on two international curriculums of Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University; that is, Neuroscience and Systems Biosciences. The Neuroscience Program is the first and only international program in Thailand that integrates the molecular neurobiology, cellular and behavioral neuroscience in the courses and offers M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Neuroscience. The System Biosciences offers a doctor of philosophy degree. The program is designed to prepare graduate students for careers in teaching and integrative research training, spanning the entire breadth of modern and integrative biology, from molecules and cells to complete systems and humans through multiomics approaches.
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Institute of Molecular Biosciences | https://mb.mahidol.ac.th/en/
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Machine Learning in Neuroscience
How are machine learning and neuroscience related? I’ll discuss some of the discoveries in neuroscience that have produced breakthroughs in machine learning from the past, present, and that will in the future in this video. Neural Networks were inspired by the brain and some of the most recent breakthroughs in AI continue to be inspired by discoveries in neuroscience (like episodic memory in the case of Deep Q).
Code for this video:
https://github.com/llSourcell/machine_learning_and_neuroscience
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The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant
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How do creative people come up with great ideas? Organizational psychologist Adam Grant studies \”originals\”: thinkers who dream up new ideas and take action to put them into the world. In this talk, learn three unexpected habits of originals — including embracing failure. \”The greatest originals are the ones who fail the most, because they’re the ones who try the most,\” Grant says. \”You need a lot of bad ideas in order to get a few good ones.\”
The TED Talks channel features the best talks and performances from the TED Conference, where the world’s leading thinkers and doers give the talk of their lives in 18 minutes (or less). Look for talks on Technology, Entertainment and Design plus science, business, global issues, the arts and more. You’re welcome to link to or embed these videos, forward them to others and share these ideas with people you know.
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2-Minute Neuroscience: Glutamate
Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter of the human nervous system. It is an amino acid neurotransmitter that interacts with both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. There are 3 identified ionotropic glutamate receptors: NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors, and 3 identified metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamate is removed from the synaptic cleft by excitatory amino acid transporters, or EAATs. Glutamate that is transported into glial cells is converted to glutamine before being sent back to the neuron to be converted back to glutamate, a process referred to as the glutamateglutamine cycle.
TRANSCRIPT:
Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss glutamate.
Glutamate is an amino acid that also functions as a neurotransmitter. Although glutamate is obtained through the diet, it cannot pass the bloodbrain barrier and thus must be synthesized in the brain. It can be synthesized from alpha ketoglutarate, an intermediate product in the citric acid cycle.
Glutamate generally has excitatory actions, meaning that when it interacts with the receptors of a neuron it makes that neuron more likely to fire an action potential. It is, in fact, used at the vast majority of excitatory connections in the brain and at more than half of all synapses in the brain.
Glutamate interacts with several different types of receptors. There are 3 identified ionotropic glutamate receptors, named for substances that activate them: NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors. When activated, all 3 allow positively charged sodium ions to flow into a postsynaptic neuron, depolarizing the neuron and making it more likely to fire an action potential. NMDA receptors have unique characteristics that make them wellsuited to be involved in synaptic plasticity, or synaptic changes that occur in response to experience, which are an important component of learning and memory.
There are also 3 identified types of metabotropic glutamate receptors. These receptors have more varied effects than ionotropic glutamate receptors, and may be involved with excitatory or inhibitory actions.
Glutamate is removed from the synaptic cleft by a class of transporter proteins called the excitatory amino acid transporters, or EAATs. EAATs carry glutamate into neurons and glial cells. Glutamate taken into glial cells is converted to the amino acid glutamine by the enzyme glutamine synthetase. Glutamine is then transported back into neurons, where it is converted back to glutamate. This process is referred to as the glutamateglutamine cycle.
Reference:
Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall WC, Lamantia AS, McNamara JO, White LE. Neuroscience. 4th ed. Sunderland, MA. Sinauer Associates; 2008.
Why study Neuroscience?
Neuroscience is the study of the brain and nervous system.
The human brain is the most complex system in the known universe and, with plenty of questions still to answer, Neuroscience is an exciting area of study that offers the potential to make a real impact.
Find out more about Neuroscience at Cardiff University: https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/biosciences/courses/undergraduate/biosciencescoursesbsc
นอกจากการดูหัวข้อนี้แล้ว คุณยังสามารถเข้าถึงบทวิจารณ์ดีๆ อื่นๆ อีกมากมายได้ที่นี่: ดูวิธีอื่นๆWiki
